TOGGLEBOARD

Every hidden setting on your Mac, in plain English.

207 settings you didn't know you had

Light mode only. No telemetry. Every command shown before it runs.
Auto-hide Dock
Show Hidden Files
Show Path Bar
Bounce Animation
Show Recent Apps

Dock

com.apple.dock
22 settings

Auto-hide Dock

bool

Hide the Dock when not hovering over it. Frees up screen space.

Shipped in Mac OS X 10.0 (2001) for users on 12-inch PowerBooks who couldn't afford to lose 64px of vertical space. Apple's compromise: keep the Dock prominent but make it dismissible so it didn't feel mandatory.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock autohide
writedefaults write com.apple.dock autohide -bool true
com.apple.dockautohide

Auto-hide Delay

float

Seconds to wait before the Dock hides (default: 0.5). Set to 0 for instant hiding.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock autohide-delay
writedefaults write com.apple.dock autohide-delay -float <value>
com.apple.dockautohide-delay

Auto-hide Animation Speed

float

Duration of the hide/show animation (default: 0.5). Set to 0 for instant.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock autohide-time-modifier
writedefaults write com.apple.dock autohide-time-modifier -float <value>
com.apple.dockautohide-time-modifier

Show Recent Apps

bool

Show recently used apps in a separate section of the Dock.

Added in macOS Mojave (2018) as Apple's answer to a long-standing user complaint: "I open the same 3 apps via Spotlight every day, why doesn't the Dock learn?" Many users immediately disable it because it makes the Dock layout shift unpredictably.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock show-recents
writedefaults write com.apple.dock show-recents -bool true
com.apple.dockshow-recents

Magnification

bool

Enlarge Dock icons when you hover over them.

A signature Mac OS X eye-candy feature meant to demo Quartz, Apple's new GPU-accelerated graphics layer. It exists less to solve a problem and more to prove the OS could do smooth real-time scaling at 60fps in 2001.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock magnification
writedefaults write com.apple.dock magnification -bool true
com.apple.dockmagnification

Magnification Size

int

Maximum size of magnified Dock icons in pixels.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock largesize
writedefaults write com.apple.dock largesize -int <value>
com.apple.docklargesize

Minimize to App Icon

bool

Minimize windows into their application icon instead of the right side of Dock.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock minimize-to-application
writedefaults write com.apple.dock minimize-to-application -bool true
com.apple.dockminimize-to-application

Launch Bounce Animation

bool

Bouncing icon animation when opening apps. Disabling feels snappier.

The bounce solved a real problem in 2001: cold-launching an app on a 400 MHz G4 could take 5+ seconds with no feedback. The bounce told you "yes, I heard your click." On modern SSDs apps launch faster than the animation finishes — so power users disable it.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock launchanim
writedefaults write com.apple.dock launchanim -bool true
com.apple.docklaunchanim

Minimize Effect

string

Animation when minimizing windows. "genie" (default) or "scale" (faster).

The genie effect was Steve Jobs' personal demo at the Mac OS X unveiling — he insisted on it as proof the new compositor could warp pixels in real time. "Scale" was added later as the boring-but-fast alternative for people who actually use their computers.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock mineffect
writedefaults write com.apple.dock mineffect -string <value>
com.apple.dockmineffect

Icon Size

int

Dock icon size in pixels (16-128, default: 48).

readdefaults read com.apple.dock tilesize
writedefaults write com.apple.dock tilesize -int <value>
com.apple.docktilesize

Position

string

Where the Dock sits: "bottom" (default), "left", or "right".

readdefaults read com.apple.dock orientation
writedefaults write com.apple.dock orientation -string <value>
com.apple.dockorientation

Show Running Indicators

bool

Small dots below running application icons.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock show-process-indicators
writedefaults write com.apple.dock show-process-indicators -bool true
com.apple.dockshow-process-indicators

Show Only Open Apps

bool

Only show currently running applications in the Dock. Removes pinned apps.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock static-only
writedefaults write com.apple.dock static-only -bool true
com.apple.dockstatic-only

Auto-rearrange Spaces

bool

Automatically rearrange Spaces based on most recent use. Disabling keeps spaces in fixed order.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock mru-spaces
writedefaults write com.apple.dock mru-spaces -bool true
com.apple.dockmru-spaces

Group Windows by App

bool

Group windows by application in Mission Control.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock expose-group-apps
writedefaults write com.apple.dock expose-group-apps -bool true
com.apple.dockexpose-group-apps

Hot Corner: Top Left

int

Action for top-left hot corner. 0=none, 2=Mission Control, 4=Desktop, 5=Screensaver, 10=Sleep Display.

Hot corners come from Apple's After Dark / screensaver heritage in the late 80s — corners were "free real estate" no app could click. Apple kept them as power-user shortcuts because they require zero screen pixels and zero menu space.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock wvous-tl-corner
writedefaults write com.apple.dock wvous-tl-corner -int <value>
com.apple.dockwvous-tl-corner

Hot Corner: Top Right

int

Action for top-right hot corner.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock wvous-tr-corner
writedefaults write com.apple.dock wvous-tr-corner -int <value>
com.apple.dockwvous-tr-corner

Hot Corner: Bottom Left

int

Action for bottom-left hot corner.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock wvous-bl-corner
writedefaults write com.apple.dock wvous-bl-corner -int <value>
com.apple.dockwvous-bl-corner

Hot Corner: Bottom Right

int

Action for bottom-right hot corner.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock wvous-br-corner
writedefaults write com.apple.dock wvous-br-corner -int <value>
com.apple.dockwvous-br-corner

Pinned Apps

array

List of applications pinned to the Dock.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock persistent-apps
writedefaults write com.apple.dock persistent-apps -array <items>
com.apple.dockpersistent-apps

Pinned Folders

array

Folders and files pinned to the right side of the Dock.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock persistent-others
writedefaults write com.apple.dock persistent-others -array <items>
com.apple.dockpersistent-others

App Expose Gesture

bool

Swipe down with three fingers to show all windows for the current app.

readdefaults read com.apple.dock showAppExposeGestureEnabled
writedefaults write com.apple.dock showAppExposeGestureEnabled -bool true
com.apple.dockshowAppExposeGestureEnabled

Finder

com.apple.finder
22 settings

Show Hidden Files

bool

Reveal hidden files and folders (dotfiles like .git, .env). Essential for developers.

When Mac OS X exposed BSD Unix to end users, Apple inherited Unix's dotfile convention — anything starting with `.` is hidden. The default protects regular users from a Home folder full of `.bash_history` clutter; the toggle exists for the developers Apple knew would need it.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles
writedefaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles -bool true
com.apple.finderAppleShowAllFiles

Show Path Bar

bool

Display the full path at the bottom of Finder windows. Great for navigation.

Mac OS X hid filesystem paths from users on principle — Apple believed people should think in documents and folders, not paths. The path bar was added back in 10.5 Leopard (2007) when Apple grudgingly accepted that even non-developers needed to know "where am I."

readdefaults read com.apple.finder ShowPathbar
writedefaults write com.apple.finder ShowPathbar -bool true
com.apple.finderShowPathbar

Show Status Bar

bool

Display item count and available disk space at the bottom of Finder.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder ShowStatusBar
writedefaults write com.apple.finder ShowStatusBar -bool true
com.apple.finderShowStatusBar

Full Path in Title

bool

Show the complete POSIX path (/Users/you/...) in the Finder window title bar.

The leading underscore is the giveaway: this is an internal Apple debug flag that engineers added for their own use, never officially shipped in System Preferences. It survived because power users discovered it and it never seemed worth the effort to remove.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder _FXShowPosixPathInTitle
writedefaults write com.apple.finder _FXShowPosixPathInTitle -bool true
com.apple.finder_FXShowPosixPathInTitle

Extension Change Warning

bool

Warn before changing a file extension. Prevents accidental file type changes.

Classic Mac OS used hidden type/creator codes instead of extensions, so renaming "report" to "report.pdf" did nothing. When OS X switched to extension-based file types, Apple added this warning to prevent decades of Mac users from accidentally breaking files via Finder rename.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder FXEnableExtensionChangeWarning
writedefaults write com.apple.finder FXEnableExtensionChangeWarning -bool true
com.apple.finderFXEnableExtensionChangeWarning

Default Search Scope

string

Where Finder searches. "SCcf" = current folder, "SCsp" = previous scope, "SCev" = entire Mac.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder FXDefaultSearchScope
writedefaults write com.apple.finder FXDefaultSearchScope -string <value>
com.apple.finderFXDefaultSearchScope

Default View Style

string

Finder view: "Nlsv" = list, "icnv" = icon, "clmv" = column, "glyv" = gallery.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder FXPreferredViewStyle
writedefaults write com.apple.finder FXPreferredViewStyle -string <value>
com.apple.finderFXPreferredViewStyle

New Window Target

string

What new Finder windows open to. "PfHm" = Home, "PfDe" = Desktop, "PfDo" = Documents.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder NewWindowTarget
writedefaults write com.apple.finder NewWindowTarget -string <value>
com.apple.finderNewWindowTarget

New Window Path

string

File path that new Finder windows open to.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder NewWindowTargetPath
writedefaults write com.apple.finder NewWindowTargetPath -string <value>
com.apple.finderNewWindowTargetPath

External Drives on Desktop

bool

Show external hard drives as icons on the Desktop.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder ShowExternalHardDrivesOnDesktop
writedefaults write com.apple.finder ShowExternalHardDrivesOnDesktop -bool true
com.apple.finderShowExternalHardDrivesOnDesktop

Removable Media on Desktop

bool

Show USB drives, SD cards, and DVDs as icons on the Desktop.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder ShowRemovableMediaOnDesktop
writedefaults write com.apple.finder ShowRemovableMediaOnDesktop -bool true
com.apple.finderShowRemovableMediaOnDesktop

Servers on Desktop

bool

Show connected network servers as icons on the Desktop.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder ShowMountedServersOnDesktop
writedefaults write com.apple.finder ShowMountedServersOnDesktop -bool true
com.apple.finderShowMountedServersOnDesktop

Hard Drives on Desktop

bool

Show internal hard drives as icons on the Desktop.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder ShowHardDrivesOnDesktop
writedefaults write com.apple.finder ShowHardDrivesOnDesktop -bool true
com.apple.finderShowHardDrivesOnDesktop

Quick Look Text Selection

bool

Allow selecting and copying text in Quick Look previews (Space bar preview).

readdefaults read com.apple.finder QLEnableTextSelection
writedefaults write com.apple.finder QLEnableTextSelection -bool true
com.apple.finderQLEnableTextSelection

Folders on Top

bool

Sort folders before files when sorting by name in Finder.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder _FXSortFoldersFirst
writedefaults write com.apple.finder _FXSortFoldersFirst -bool true
com.apple.finder_FXSortFoldersFirst

Auto-empty Trash

bool

Automatically remove items from Trash after 30 days.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder FXRemoveOldTrashItems
writedefaults write com.apple.finder FXRemoveOldTrashItems -bool true
com.apple.finderFXRemoveOldTrashItems

Warn Before Emptying Trash

bool

Show confirmation dialog before emptying the Trash.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder WarnOnEmptyTrash
writedefaults write com.apple.finder WarnOnEmptyTrash -bool true
com.apple.finderWarnOnEmptyTrash

Disable Animations

bool

Turn off all Finder animations for a snappier feel.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder DisableAllAnimations
writedefaults write com.apple.finder DisableAllAnimations -bool true
com.apple.finderDisableAllAnimations

Show Sidebar

bool

Display the sidebar in Finder windows.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder ShowSidebar
writedefaults write com.apple.finder ShowSidebar -bool true
com.apple.finderShowSidebar

Show Preview Pane

bool

Display file preview panel on the right side.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder ShowPreviewPane
writedefaults write com.apple.finder ShowPreviewPane -bool true
com.apple.finderShowPreviewPane

Show Tab Bar

bool

Display the tab bar in Finder windows.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder ShowTabView
writedefaults write com.apple.finder ShowTabView -bool true
com.apple.finderShowTabView

Show Recent Tags

bool

Display recently used tags in the sidebar.

readdefaults read com.apple.finder ShowRecentTags
writedefaults write com.apple.finder ShowRecentTags -bool true
com.apple.finderShowRecentTags

System-Wide

NSGlobalDomain
34 settings

Show File Extensions

bool

Always show file extensions (.txt, .pdf, etc.). Helps identify file types at a glance.

Apple's default-off stance is a holdover from the type/creator era, where extensions were ugly Windows clutter. Security researchers eventually pushed Apple to make this togglable: hidden extensions are how malware ships ".pdf.app" disguised as a PDF.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain AppleShowAllExtensions
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain AppleShowAllExtensions -bool true
NSGlobalDomainAppleShowAllExtensions

Auto-Correct

bool

Automatically correct misspelled words. Many developers disable this.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain NSAutomaticSpellingCorrectionEnabled
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain NSAutomaticSpellingCorrectionEnabled -bool true
NSGlobalDomainNSAutomaticSpellingCorrectionEnabled

Auto-Capitalize

bool

Automatically capitalize the first letter of sentences.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain NSAutomaticCapitalizationEnabled
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain NSAutomaticCapitalizationEnabled -bool true
NSGlobalDomainNSAutomaticCapitalizationEnabled

Double-Space Period

bool

Typing two spaces inserts a period. Can interfere with coding.

Lifted directly from iOS, where the tiny on-screen keyboard makes punctuation slow to reach. On a Mac with a full keyboard the shortcut is unnecessary — and actively harmful in code editors where double-spaces are intentional.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain NSAutomaticPeriodSubstitutionEnabled
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain NSAutomaticPeriodSubstitutionEnabled -bool true
NSGlobalDomainNSAutomaticPeriodSubstitutionEnabled

Smart Dashes

bool

Replace -- with em dash. Breaks code and markdown.

Borrowed from desktop publishing — typographers consider straight double-hyphens an amateur mistake and em-dashes the professional choice. Apple enabled it everywhere assuming most text is prose. It's one of the most-disabled settings on developer machines because `--flag` becomes `—flag`.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain NSAutomaticDashSubstitutionEnabled
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain NSAutomaticDashSubstitutionEnabled -bool true
NSGlobalDomainNSAutomaticDashSubstitutionEnabled

Smart Quotes

bool

Replace straight quotes with curly quotes. Breaks code.

Same typographic-correctness reflex as smart dashes — Apple wants your prose to look like a published book. The cost: every developer who pastes code from Notes into a terminal gets `"hello"` instead of `"hello"` and watches the shell choke.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain NSAutomaticQuoteSubstitutionEnabled
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain NSAutomaticQuoteSubstitutionEnabled -bool true
NSGlobalDomainNSAutomaticQuoteSubstitutionEnabled

Text Completion

bool

Show inline text completion suggestions while typing.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain NSAutomaticTextCompletionEnabled
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain NSAutomaticTextCompletionEnabled -bool true
NSGlobalDomainNSAutomaticTextCompletionEnabled

Web Auto-Correct

bool

Enable auto-correct in web forms and text fields.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain WebAutomaticSpellingCorrectionEnabled
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain WebAutomaticSpellingCorrectionEnabled -bool true
NSGlobalDomainWebAutomaticSpellingCorrectionEnabled

Dark Mode

string

Set to "Dark" for dark mode. Delete this key for light mode.

Dark Mode shipped in macOS Mojave (2018), 8 years after iOS users first asked. Apple resisted because dark UI on a non-OLED Mac display saves no battery — the only argument was aesthetics. They eventually caved when developer tools and creative apps (Xcode, Logic) had been shipping their own dark modes for years.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain AppleInterfaceStyle
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain AppleInterfaceStyle -string <value>
NSGlobalDomainAppleInterfaceStyle

Auto Dark Mode

bool

Automatically switch between light and dark mode based on time of day.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain AppleInterfaceStyleSwitchesAutomatically
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain AppleInterfaceStyleSwitchesAutomatically -bool true
NSGlobalDomainAppleInterfaceStyleSwitchesAutomatically

Highlight Color

string

RGB values for the system highlight/selection color.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain AppleHighlightColor
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain AppleHighlightColor -string <value>
NSGlobalDomainAppleHighlightColor

Accent Color

int

System accent color. -1=Graphite, 0=Red, 1=Orange, 2=Yellow, 3=Green, 5=Purple, 6=Pink, default=Blue.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain AppleAccentColor
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain AppleAccentColor -int <value>
NSGlobalDomainAppleAccentColor

Key Repeat Speed

int

How fast keys repeat when held (lower = faster). Default: 6. Fast: 2. Fastest: 1.

System Preferences caps the slider at 2 — but the underlying preference accepts 1 (twice as fast). Apple kept the lower bound visible because most users would find 1 disorienting. Vim users disagreed and discovered the override.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain KeyRepeat
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain KeyRepeat -int <value>
NSGlobalDomainKeyRepeat

Key Repeat Delay

int

Delay before key repeat starts (lower = shorter). Default: 25. Fast: 15. Fastest: 10.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain InitialKeyRepeat
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain InitialKeyRepeat -int <value>
NSGlobalDomainInitialKeyRepeat

Press and Hold for Accents

bool

Hold a key to show accent menu (e.g., e -> e, e, e). Disable for faster key repeat.

Direct port from iOS in OS X Lion (2011), where holding a key shows accent variants. On Mac it conflicts with the Unix tradition of "hold a key to repeat it" — disabling this is the single most common tweak for anyone who used a Mac before 2011.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain ApplePressAndHoldEnabled
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain ApplePressAndHoldEnabled -bool true
NSGlobalDomainApplePressAndHoldEnabled

Expanded Save Dialog

bool

Always show the expanded (full) Save dialog instead of the compact version.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain NSNavPanelExpandedStateForSaveMode
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain NSNavPanelExpandedStateForSaveMode -bool true
NSGlobalDomainNSNavPanelExpandedStateForSaveMode

Expanded Save Dialog (v2)

bool

Same as above, for newer macOS versions.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain NSNavPanelExpandedStateForSaveMode2
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain NSNavPanelExpandedStateForSaveMode2 -bool true
NSGlobalDomainNSNavPanelExpandedStateForSaveMode2

Expanded Print Dialog

bool

Always show the expanded Print dialog with all options visible.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain PMPrintingExpandedStateForPrint
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain PMPrintingExpandedStateForPrint -bool true
NSGlobalDomainPMPrintingExpandedStateForPrint

Expanded Print Dialog (v2)

bool

Same as above, for newer macOS versions.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain PMPrintingExpandedStateForPrint2
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain PMPrintingExpandedStateForPrint2 -bool true
NSGlobalDomainPMPrintingExpandedStateForPrint2

Save to iCloud by Default

bool

New documents save to iCloud by default. Disable to save locally.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain NSDocumentSaveNewDocumentsToCloud
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain NSDocumentSaveNewDocumentsToCloud -bool true
NSGlobalDomainNSDocumentSaveNewDocumentsToCloud

Sidebar Icon Size

int

Sidebar icon size: 1 = small, 2 = medium, 3 = large.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain NSTableViewDefaultSizeMode
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain NSTableViewDefaultSizeMode -int <value>
NSGlobalDomainNSTableViewDefaultSizeMode

Show Scroll Bars

string

"Automatic" (default), "WhenScrolling" (hide until scroll), "Always" (always visible).

Auto-hidden scrollbars arrived with OS X Lion (2011) to match iOS' clean look. Accessibility advocates pushed back hard — invisible scrollbars hide the fact that content is scrollable at all. The "Always" option is Apple's concession to that complaint.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain AppleShowScrollBars
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain AppleShowScrollBars -string <value>
NSGlobalDomainAppleShowScrollBars

Smooth Scrolling

bool

Enable smooth scrolling animation. Disabling makes scrolling feel more immediate.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain NSScrollAnimationEnabled
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain NSScrollAnimationEnabled -bool true
NSGlobalDomainNSScrollAnimationEnabled

Window Resize Speed

float

Window resize animation duration. Default: 0.2. Set lower for faster resizing.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain NSWindowResizeTime
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain NSWindowResizeTime -float <value>
NSGlobalDomainNSWindowResizeTime

Prefer Tabs

string

"always" = tabs everywhere, "fullscreen" = tabs in fullscreen only, "manual" = never auto-tab.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain AppleWindowTabbingMode
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain AppleWindowTabbingMode -string <value>
NSGlobalDomainAppleWindowTabbingMode

Double-Click Minimizes

bool

Double-clicking a window title bar minimizes it.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain AppleMiniaturizeOnDoubleClick
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain AppleMiniaturizeOnDoubleClick -bool true
NSGlobalDomainAppleMiniaturizeOnDoubleClick

Confirm Unsaved Changes

bool

Ask before closing documents with unsaved changes (instead of auto-saving).

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain NSCloseAlwaysConfirmsChanges
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain NSCloseAlwaysConfirmsChanges -bool true
NSGlobalDomainNSCloseAlwaysConfirmsChanges

Reopen Windows on Restart

bool

Restore windows when reopening an app after quitting.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain NSQuitAlwaysKeepsWindows
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain NSQuitAlwaysKeepsWindows -bool true
NSGlobalDomainNSQuitAlwaysKeepsWindows

Swipe Navigation

bool

Two-finger swipe to go back/forward in apps like Safari and Finder.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain AppleEnableSwipeNavigateWithScrolls
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain AppleEnableSwipeNavigateWithScrolls -bool true
NSGlobalDomainAppleEnableSwipeNavigateWithScrolls

Natural Scrolling

bool

Content moves with finger direction (like a touchscreen). Disable for traditional scrolling.

Apple inverted the default in OS X Lion (2011) to match iOS — scrolling on a touchscreen, your finger and the content move together. The toggle exists because every PC user who ever sat at a Mac immediately tried to scroll the wrong way.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain com.apple.swipescrolldirection
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain com.apple.swipescrolldirection -bool true
NSGlobalDomaincom.apple.swipescrolldirection

Reduce Transparency Tinting

bool

Reduce the color tinting in windows and sidebars for better readability.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain AppleReduceDesktopTinting
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain AppleReduceDesktopTinting -bool true
NSGlobalDomainAppleReduceDesktopTinting

Auto-hide Menu Bar

bool

Automatically hide the menu bar. Move cursor to top of screen to reveal.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain _HIHideMenuBar
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain _HIHideMenuBar -bool true
NSGlobalDomain_HIHideMenuBar

Font Smoothing

int

Font anti-aliasing level. 0=none, 1=light, 2=medium (default), 3=strong.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain AppleFontSmoothing
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain AppleFontSmoothing -int <value>
NSGlobalDomainAppleFontSmoothing

Disable Font Smoothing

bool

Disable sub-pixel font rendering. Some prefer this on Retina displays.

readdefaults read NSGlobalDomain CGFontRenderingFontSmoothingDisabled
writedefaults write NSGlobalDomain CGFontRenderingFontSmoothingDisabled -bool true
NSGlobalDomainCGFontRenderingFontSmoothingDisabled

Screenshots

com.apple.screencapture
6 settings

Save Location

string

Folder where screenshots are saved. Default: ~/Desktop.

The Desktop default predates the modern era — back when Macs had 9" CRT screens and no cloud sync, the Desktop was the obvious "I'll deal with it later" pile. Today most users redirect screenshots to ~/Downloads or a dedicated folder to keep their wallpaper visible.

readdefaults read com.apple.screencapture location
writedefaults write com.apple.screencapture location -string <value>
com.apple.screencapturelocation

Image Format

string

File format: "png" (default, lossless), "jpg" (smaller), "gif", "tiff", "bmp", "pdf".

readdefaults read com.apple.screencapture type
writedefaults write com.apple.screencapture type -string <value>
com.apple.screencapturetype

Disable Window Shadow

bool

Remove the drop shadow from window screenshots. Cleaner for documentation.

macOS captures window screenshots with a transparent margin and a soft drop shadow to make them look elegant standalone. Technical writers and designers hate the margin — it adds ~80px of empty pixels and breaks tight documentation layouts. This flag was added for them.

readdefaults read com.apple.screencapture disable-shadow
writedefaults write com.apple.screencapture disable-shadow -bool true
com.apple.screencapturedisable-shadow

Show Floating Thumbnail

bool

Show a thumbnail preview in the corner after taking a screenshot.

readdefaults read com.apple.screencapture show-thumbnail
writedefaults write com.apple.screencapture show-thumbnail -bool true
com.apple.screencaptureshow-thumbnail

Include Date in Filename

bool

Add date and time to screenshot filenames.

readdefaults read com.apple.screencapture include-date
writedefaults write com.apple.screencapture include-date -bool true
com.apple.screencaptureinclude-date

Filename Prefix

string

Prefix for screenshot filenames. Default: "Screenshot".

readdefaults read com.apple.screencapture name
writedefaults write com.apple.screencapture name -string <value>
com.apple.screencapturename

Safari

com.apple.Safari
14 settings

Show Develop Menu

bool

Show the Develop menu in Safari menu bar. Essential for web developers.

Hidden by default because the Develop menu lets you disable JavaScript, override user agents, and inject CSS — fine for developers, dangerous for the average user who might click "Disable Images" and never figure out why the web is broken.

readdefaults read com.apple.Safari IncludeDevelopMenu
writedefaults write com.apple.Safari IncludeDevelopMenu -bool true
com.apple.SafariIncludeDevelopMenu

Enable Web Inspector

bool

Enable the Web Inspector for debugging websites.

readdefaults read com.apple.Safari WebKitDeveloperExtrasEnabledPreferenceKey
writedefaults write com.apple.Safari WebKitDeveloperExtrasEnabledPreferenceKey -bool true
com.apple.SafariWebKitDeveloperExtrasEnabledPreferenceKey

Show Full URL

bool

Display the complete URL in the address bar instead of just the domain.

readdefaults read com.apple.Safari ShowFullURLInSmartSearchField
writedefaults write com.apple.Safari ShowFullURLInSmartSearchField -bool true
com.apple.SafariShowFullURLInSmartSearchField

Auto-Open Safe Downloads

bool

Automatically open "safe" files after downloading. Disabling is more secure.

A 2004 convenience that became a security disaster: Safari's definition of "safe" included disk images, which attackers learned to weaponize. Apple still ships it on, but every macOS hardening guide ever written tells you to turn it off first.

readdefaults read com.apple.Safari AutoOpenSafeDownloads
writedefaults write com.apple.Safari AutoOpenSafeDownloads -bool true
com.apple.SafariAutoOpenSafeDownloads

Show Favorites Bar

bool

Display the bookmarks/favorites bar below the address bar.

readdefaults read com.apple.Safari ShowFavoritesBar-v2
writedefaults write com.apple.Safari ShowFavoritesBar-v2 -bool true
com.apple.SafariShowFavoritesBar-v2

Show Status Bar

bool

Display link URLs at the bottom of the window on hover.

readdefaults read com.apple.Safari ShowStatusBar
writedefaults write com.apple.Safari ShowStatusBar -bool true
com.apple.SafariShowStatusBar

Overlay Status Bar

bool

Show status bar as an overlay instead of a fixed bar.

readdefaults read com.apple.Safari ShowOverlayStatusBar
writedefaults write com.apple.Safari ShowOverlayStatusBar -bool true
com.apple.SafariShowOverlayStatusBar

Send Do Not Track

bool

Send "Do Not Track" header to websites. Note: most sites ignore this.

readdefaults read com.apple.Safari SendDoNotTrackHTTPHeader
writedefaults write com.apple.Safari SendDoNotTrackHTTPHeader -bool true
com.apple.SafariSendDoNotTrackHTTPHeader

Suppress Search Suggestions

bool

Disable search suggestions in the address bar for privacy.

readdefaults read com.apple.Safari SuppressSearchSuggestions
writedefaults write com.apple.Safari SuppressSearchSuggestions -bool true
com.apple.SafariSuppressSearchSuggestions

Universal Search

bool

Include Spotlight suggestions in Safari address bar searches.

readdefaults read com.apple.Safari UniversalSearchEnabled
writedefaults write com.apple.Safari UniversalSearchEnabled -bool true
com.apple.SafariUniversalSearchEnabled

Match Word Starts Only

bool

Find on Page matches beginning of words only.

readdefaults read com.apple.Safari FindOnPageMatchesWordStartsOnly
writedefaults write com.apple.Safari FindOnPageMatchesWordStartsOnly -bool true
com.apple.SafariFindOnPageMatchesWordStartsOnly

Home Page

string

URL that Safari opens on new windows/tabs.

readdefaults read com.apple.Safari HomePage
writedefaults write com.apple.Safari HomePage -string <value>
com.apple.SafariHomePage

AutoFill Passwords

bool

Allow Safari to auto-fill saved passwords.

readdefaults read com.apple.Safari AutoFillPasswords
writedefaults write com.apple.Safari AutoFillPasswords -bool true
com.apple.SafariAutoFillPasswords

AutoFill Credit Cards

bool

Allow Safari to auto-fill credit card information.

readdefaults read com.apple.Safari AutoFillCreditCardData
writedefaults write com.apple.Safari AutoFillCreditCardData -bool true
com.apple.SafariAutoFillCreditCardData

Desktop Services

com.apple.desktopservices
2 settings

No .DS_Store on Network

bool

Prevent .DS_Store files on network drives. Highly recommended for shared drives.

.DS_Store is Finder's per-folder metadata cache (icon positions, view settings). It's harmless locally but on shared SMB/AFP drives it litters every folder a Mac user touches — Windows colleagues see weird hidden files everywhere. Apple added this opt-out after years of sysadmin complaints.

readdefaults read com.apple.desktopservices DSDontWriteNetworkStores
writedefaults write com.apple.desktopservices DSDontWriteNetworkStores -bool true
com.apple.desktopservicesDSDontWriteNetworkStores

No .DS_Store on USB

bool

Prevent .DS_Store files on USB drives. Keeps external drives clean.

readdefaults read com.apple.desktopservices DSDontWriteUSBStores
writedefaults write com.apple.desktopservices DSDontWriteUSBStores -bool true
com.apple.desktopservicesDSDontWriteUSBStores

Activity Monitor

com.apple.ActivityMonitor
6 settings

Open Main Window

bool

Show the main window when Activity Monitor launches.

readdefaults read com.apple.ActivityMonitor OpenMainWindow
writedefaults write com.apple.ActivityMonitor OpenMainWindow -bool true
com.apple.ActivityMonitorOpenMainWindow

Dock Icon Type

int

What the Dock icon shows: 0=app icon, 2=network, 3=disk, 5=CPU usage, 6=CPU history.

readdefaults read com.apple.ActivityMonitor IconType
writedefaults write com.apple.ActivityMonitor IconType -int <value>
com.apple.ActivityMonitorIconType

Default Tab

int

Which tab opens by default: 100=All, 101=System, 102=Other, 103=User, 104=Windowed, 105=GPU.

readdefaults read com.apple.ActivityMonitor ShowCategory
writedefaults write com.apple.ActivityMonitor ShowCategory -int <value>
com.apple.ActivityMonitorShowCategory

Sort Column

string

Default column to sort by (e.g., "CPUUsage").

readdefaults read com.apple.ActivityMonitor SortColumn
writedefaults write com.apple.ActivityMonitor SortColumn -string <value>
com.apple.ActivityMonitorSortColumn

Sort Direction

int

0 = ascending, 1 = descending.

readdefaults read com.apple.ActivityMonitor SortDirection
writedefaults write com.apple.ActivityMonitor SortDirection -int <value>
com.apple.ActivityMonitorSortDirection

Update Frequency

int

How often data refreshes. 1=Very Often (1s), 2=Often (2s), 5=Normally (5s).

readdefaults read com.apple.ActivityMonitor UpdatePeriod
writedefaults write com.apple.ActivityMonitor UpdatePeriod -int <value>
com.apple.ActivityMonitorUpdatePeriod

TextEdit

com.apple.TextEdit
8 settings

Rich Text by Default

bool

Open new documents as rich text (RTF). Disable for plain text (.txt).

TextEdit ships in rich-text mode because Apple positions it as the free Pages-lite for casual users. Developers want the opposite — a plain text scratchpad — and disabling this turns TextEdit into a basic notepad that won't silently mangle code with formatting.

readdefaults read com.apple.TextEdit RichText
writedefaults write com.apple.TextEdit RichText -bool true
com.apple.TextEditRichText

Plain Text Encoding

int

Character encoding for plain text files. 4 = UTF-8 (recommended).

readdefaults read com.apple.TextEdit PlainTextEncoding
writedefaults write com.apple.TextEdit PlainTextEncoding -int <value>
com.apple.TextEditPlainTextEncoding

Save Encoding

int

Encoding used when saving. 4 = UTF-8.

readdefaults read com.apple.TextEdit PlainTextEncodingForWrite
writedefaults write com.apple.TextEdit PlainTextEncodingForWrite -int <value>
com.apple.TextEditPlainTextEncodingForWrite

Smart Quotes

bool

Convert straight quotes to curly quotes. Disable for code editing.

readdefaults read com.apple.TextEdit SmartQuotes
writedefaults write com.apple.TextEdit SmartQuotes -bool true
com.apple.TextEditSmartQuotes

Smart Dashes

bool

Convert double-hyphens to em-dashes. Disable for code.

readdefaults read com.apple.TextEdit SmartDashes
writedefaults write com.apple.TextEdit SmartDashes -bool true
com.apple.TextEditSmartDashes

Show Ruler

bool

Display the ruler bar in document windows.

readdefaults read com.apple.TextEdit ShowRuler
writedefaults write com.apple.TextEdit ShowRuler -bool true
com.apple.TextEditShowRuler

Check Spelling

bool

Underline misspelled words while typing.

readdefaults read com.apple.TextEdit CheckSpellingWhileTyping
writedefaults write com.apple.TextEdit CheckSpellingWhileTyping -bool true
com.apple.TextEditCheckSpellingWhileTyping

Auto-Correct

bool

Automatically correct misspelled words.

readdefaults read com.apple.TextEdit CorrectSpellingAutomatically
writedefaults write com.apple.TextEdit CorrectSpellingAutomatically -bool true
com.apple.TextEditCorrectSpellingAutomatically

Mail

com.apple.mail
8 settings

Disable Reply Animation

bool

Skip the slide animation when replying to emails.

readdefaults read com.apple.mail DisableReplyAnimations
writedefaults write com.apple.mail DisableReplyAnimations -bool true
com.apple.mailDisableReplyAnimations

Disable Send Animation

bool

Skip the "whoosh" animation when sending emails.

readdefaults read com.apple.mail DisableSendAnimations
writedefaults write com.apple.mail DisableSendAnimations -bool true
com.apple.mailDisableSendAnimations

Copy Full Name + Email

bool

Include display names when copying email addresses.

readdefaults read com.apple.mail AddressesIncludeNameOnPasteboard
writedefaults write com.apple.mail AddressesIncludeNameOnPasteboard -bool true
com.apple.mailAddressesIncludeNameOnPasteboard

Spell Checking

string

"NoSpellCheckingEnabled" to disable spell checking in Mail.

readdefaults read com.apple.mail SpellCheckingBehavior
writedefaults write com.apple.mail SpellCheckingBehavior -string <value>
com.apple.mailSpellCheckingBehavior

Disable Inline Attachments

bool

Show attachments as icons instead of inline previews.

readdefaults read com.apple.mail DisableInlineAttachmentViewing
writedefaults write com.apple.mail DisableInlineAttachmentViewing -bool true
com.apple.mailDisableInlineAttachmentViewing

Drafts Settings

dict

Configuration for the drafts viewer.

readdefaults read com.apple.mail DraftsViewerAttributes
writedefaults write com.apple.mail DraftsViewerAttributes -dict <pairs>
com.apple.mailDraftsViewerAttributes

Monospace Font

string

Font used for plain text emails.

readdefaults read com.apple.mail NSFixedPitchFont
writedefaults write com.apple.mail NSFixedPitchFont -string <value>
com.apple.mailNSFixedPitchFont

Monospace Font Size

int

Font size for plain text emails.

readdefaults read com.apple.mail NSFixedPitchFontSize
writedefaults write com.apple.mail NSFixedPitchFontSize -int <value>
com.apple.mailNSFixedPitchFontSize

Terminal

com.apple.Terminal
4 settings

Focus Follows Mouse

bool

Terminal windows gain focus when the mouse moves over them.

readdefaults read com.apple.Terminal FocusFollowsMouse
writedefaults write com.apple.Terminal FocusFollowsMouse -bool true
com.apple.TerminalFocusFollowsMouse

Secure Keyboard Entry

bool

Prevent other apps from reading keystrokes in Terminal. More secure.

A defense against keyloggers — when on, macOS routes keystrokes directly to Terminal, bypassing event taps that other apps could use to snoop on your typing. The same flag exists in Terminal-equivalents (iTerm2) for the same reason: shells are where you type passwords.

readdefaults read com.apple.Terminal SecureKeyboardEntry
writedefaults write com.apple.Terminal SecureKeyboardEntry -bool true
com.apple.TerminalSecureKeyboardEntry

Show Line Marks

bool

Show marks in the gutter for command boundaries.

readdefaults read com.apple.Terminal ShowLineMarks
writedefaults write com.apple.Terminal ShowLineMarks -bool true
com.apple.TerminalShowLineMarks

String Encodings

array

Available text encodings in Terminal.

readdefaults read com.apple.Terminal StringEncodings
writedefaults write com.apple.Terminal StringEncodings -array <items>
com.apple.TerminalStringEncodings

Menu Bar Clock

com.apple.menuextra.clock
6 settings

Show Date

int

Show date in menu bar clock. 0=when space, 1=always, 2=never.

readdefaults read com.apple.menuextra.clock ShowDate
writedefaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock ShowDate -int <value>
com.apple.menuextra.clockShowDate

Show Day of Week

bool

Display the day name (Mon, Tue, etc.) in the menu bar clock.

readdefaults read com.apple.menuextra.clock ShowDayOfWeek
writedefaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock ShowDayOfWeek -bool true
com.apple.menuextra.clockShowDayOfWeek

Show Seconds

bool

Display seconds in the menu bar clock. Uses slightly more energy.

readdefaults read com.apple.menuextra.clock ShowSeconds
writedefaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock ShowSeconds -bool true
com.apple.menuextra.clockShowSeconds

Analog Clock

bool

Show an analog clock face instead of digital time.

readdefaults read com.apple.menuextra.clock IsAnalog
writedefaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock IsAnalog -bool true
com.apple.menuextra.clockIsAnalog

24-Hour Time

bool

Display time in 24-hour format instead of 12-hour with AM/PM.

readdefaults read com.apple.menuextra.clock Show24Hour
writedefaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock Show24Hour -bool true
com.apple.menuextra.clockShow24Hour

Flash Time Separators

bool

Flash the colon between hours and minutes every second.

readdefaults read com.apple.menuextra.clock FlashDateSeparators
writedefaults write com.apple.menuextra.clock FlashDateSeparators -bool true
com.apple.menuextra.clockFlashDateSeparators

Window Manager

com.apple.WindowManager
5 settings

Click Wallpaper for Desktop

bool

Click desktop wallpaper to show Desktop. Disable to keep windows visible.

readdefaults read com.apple.WindowManager EnableStandardClickToShowDesktop
writedefaults write com.apple.WindowManager EnableStandardClickToShowDesktop -bool true
com.apple.WindowManagerEnableStandardClickToShowDesktop

Stage Manager

bool

Enable Stage Manager for window organization.

Apple's most controversial window-management bet of the 2020s — shipped in macOS Ventura (2022) as a "modern" alternative to Spaces and Mission Control. Adoption stayed niche; most users tried it once, found it disorienting, and turned it off. The toggle survives because Apple is still figuring out where to take it.

readdefaults read com.apple.WindowManager GloballyEnabled
writedefaults write com.apple.WindowManager GloballyEnabled -bool true
com.apple.WindowManagerGloballyEnabled

Stage Manager Auto-hide

bool

Automatically hide Stage Manager strips.

readdefaults read com.apple.WindowManager AutoHide
writedefaults write com.apple.WindowManager AutoHide -bool true
com.apple.WindowManagerAutoHide

Hide Desktop Items

bool

Hide desktop icons when Stage Manager is active.

readdefaults read com.apple.WindowManager HideDesktop
writedefaults write com.apple.WindowManager HideDesktop -bool true
com.apple.WindowManagerHideDesktop

Hide Widgets

bool

Hide widgets when Stage Manager is active.

readdefaults read com.apple.WindowManager StageManagerHideWidgets
writedefaults write com.apple.WindowManager StageManagerHideWidgets -bool true
com.apple.WindowManagerStageManagerHideWidgets

Input Sources

com.apple.HIToolbox
1 setting

Keyboard Layout

string

Current keyboard layout input source identifier.

readdefaults read com.apple.HIToolbox AppleCurrentKeyboardLayoutInputSourceID
writedefaults write com.apple.HIToolbox AppleCurrentKeyboardLayoutInputSourceID -string <value>
com.apple.HIToolboxAppleCurrentKeyboardLayoutInputSourceID

Accessibility

com.apple.universalaccess
5 settings

Reduce Motion

bool

Minimize animations and motion effects. Easier on motion-sensitive users.

Added in iOS 7 (2013) after a wave of complaints that the new parallax effects triggered nausea and vertigo. Apple ported it to macOS for users with vestibular disorders — but it's now widely used by anyone who finds Mission Control's zoom-out animation distracting.

readdefaults read com.apple.universalaccess reduceMotion
writedefaults write com.apple.universalaccess reduceMotion -bool true
com.apple.universalaccessreduceMotion

Reduce Transparency

bool

Reduce transparent and translucent effects. Improves readability and performance.

readdefaults read com.apple.universalaccess reduceTransparency
writedefaults write com.apple.universalaccess reduceTransparency -bool true
com.apple.universalaccessreduceTransparency

Scroll to Zoom

bool

Hold Ctrl + scroll to zoom in/out on the screen.

readdefaults read com.apple.universalaccess closeViewScrollWheelToggle
writedefaults write com.apple.universalaccess closeViewScrollWheelToggle -bool true
com.apple.universalaccesscloseViewScrollWheelToggle

Zoom Follows Focus

bool

Zoom view follows keyboard focus.

readdefaults read com.apple.universalaccess closeViewZoomFollowsFocus
writedefaults write com.apple.universalaccess closeViewZoomFollowsFocus -bool true
com.apple.universalaccesscloseViewZoomFollowsFocus

Cursor Size

float

Mouse cursor size. 1.0 = normal, up to 4.0 = maximum.

readdefaults read com.apple.universalaccess mouseDriverCursorSize
writedefaults write com.apple.universalaccess mouseDriverCursorSize -float <value>
com.apple.universalaccessmouseDriverCursorSize

Trackpad

com.apple.trackpad
5 settings

Tap to Click

bool

Tap the trackpad to click instead of pressing down.

Off by default because early trackpads had high false-tap rates — your palm resting on the pad would register as clicks. Modern Force Touch trackpads have palm rejection good enough that most users enable this and never look back, but Apple keeps the conservative default for upgraders.

readdefaults read com.apple.trackpad Clicking
writedefaults write com.apple.trackpad Clicking -bool true
com.apple.trackpadClicking

Three-Finger Drag

bool

Drag windows and select text with three fingers.

readdefaults read com.apple.trackpad TrackpadThreeFingerDrag
writedefaults write com.apple.trackpad TrackpadThreeFingerDrag -bool true
com.apple.trackpadTrackpadThreeFingerDrag

Dragging

bool

Enable trackpad dragging.

readdefaults read com.apple.trackpad Dragging
writedefaults write com.apple.trackpad Dragging -bool true
com.apple.trackpadDragging

Two-Finger Right-Click

bool

Two-finger click or tap for right-click/context menu.

readdefaults read com.apple.trackpad TrackpadRightClick
writedefaults write com.apple.trackpad TrackpadRightClick -bool true
com.apple.trackpadTrackpadRightClick

Corner Right-Click

int

Right-click by clicking bottom corner. 0=off, 1=bottom-left, 2=bottom-right.

readdefaults read com.apple.trackpad TrackpadCornerSecondaryClick
writedefaults write com.apple.trackpad TrackpadCornerSecondaryClick -int <value>
com.apple.trackpadTrackpadCornerSecondaryClick

Bluetooth Audio

com.apple.BluetoothAudioAgent
1 setting

Bluetooth Audio Quality

int

Minimum bitpool for Bluetooth audio. Higher = better quality. Default: 2, Max: 64.

readdefaults read com.apple.BluetoothAudioAgent Apple Bitpool Min (editable)
writedefaults write com.apple.BluetoothAudioAgent Apple Bitpool Min (editable) -int <value>
com.apple.BluetoothAudioAgentApple Bitpool Min (editable)

Software Update

com.apple.SoftwareUpdate
6 settings

Auto-Check for Updates

bool

Automatically check for macOS and app updates.

readdefaults read com.apple.SoftwareUpdate AutomaticCheckEnabled
writedefaults write com.apple.SoftwareUpdate AutomaticCheckEnabled -bool true
com.apple.SoftwareUpdateAutomaticCheckEnabled

Auto-Download Updates

bool

Download updates in the background automatically.

readdefaults read com.apple.SoftwareUpdate AutomaticDownload
writedefaults write com.apple.SoftwareUpdate AutomaticDownload -bool true
com.apple.SoftwareUpdateAutomaticDownload

Auto-Install macOS Updates

bool

Automatically install macOS updates. Disable for manual control.

Apple's security team pushed hard for this default after watching the WannaCry-era PC ransomware wave — most victims were running unpatched OSes. Power users disable it because macOS minor updates have historically broken kernel extensions, audio drivers, and developer tools without warning.

readdefaults read com.apple.SoftwareUpdate AutomaticallyInstallMacOSUpdates
writedefaults write com.apple.SoftwareUpdate AutomaticallyInstallMacOSUpdates -bool true
com.apple.SoftwareUpdateAutomaticallyInstallMacOSUpdates

Auto-Install Security Updates

bool

Automatically install critical security patches.

readdefaults read com.apple.SoftwareUpdate CriticalUpdateInstall
writedefaults write com.apple.SoftwareUpdate CriticalUpdateInstall -bool true
com.apple.SoftwareUpdateCriticalUpdateInstall

Auto-Install System Data

bool

Automatically install system data files and security updates.

readdefaults read com.apple.SoftwareUpdate ConfigDataInstall
writedefaults write com.apple.SoftwareUpdate ConfigDataInstall -bool true
com.apple.SoftwareUpdateConfigDataInstall

Check Frequency (days)

int

How often to check for updates in days. Default: 7.

readdefaults read com.apple.SoftwareUpdate ScheduleFrequency
writedefaults write com.apple.SoftwareUpdate ScheduleFrequency -int <value>
com.apple.SoftwareUpdateScheduleFrequency

Time Machine

com.apple.TimeMachine
2 settings

Stop Asking About New Disks

bool

Stop prompting to use new drives for Time Machine backup.

readdefaults read com.apple.TimeMachine DoNotOfferNewDisksForBackup
writedefaults write com.apple.TimeMachine DoNotOfferNewDisksForBackup -bool true
com.apple.TimeMachineDoNotOfferNewDisksForBackup

Automatic Backup

bool

Enable automatic Time Machine backups.

readdefaults read com.apple.TimeMachine AutoBackup
writedefaults write com.apple.TimeMachine AutoBackup -bool true
com.apple.TimeMachineAutoBackup

Login Window

com.apple.loginwindow
6 settings

Show Name and Password Fields

bool

Show text fields for username and password at login instead of user icons.

readdefaults read com.apple.loginwindow SHOWFULLNAME
writedefaults write com.apple.loginwindow SHOWFULLNAME -bool true
com.apple.loginwindowSHOWFULLNAME

Guest Account

bool

Allow guest users to log in. Disable for security.

Originally a 2008 feature for shared family Macs and lab computers. Apple later repurposed it as a Find My Mac honeypot — a thief who steals your Mac is more likely to log in as Guest (which can connect to Wi-Fi) than to wipe the drive, letting Find My Mac phone home.

readdefaults read com.apple.loginwindow GuestEnabled
writedefaults write com.apple.loginwindow GuestEnabled -bool true
com.apple.loginwindowGuestEnabled

Disable Console Login

bool

Prevent accessing the console login (">console" username).

readdefaults read com.apple.loginwindow DisableConsoleAccess
writedefaults write com.apple.loginwindow DisableConsoleAccess -bool true
com.apple.loginwindowDisableConsoleAccess

Disable Shutdown When Logged In

bool

Prevent shutdown/restart from the login window while users are logged in.

readdefaults read com.apple.loginwindow PowerOffDisabledWhileLoggedIn
writedefaults write com.apple.loginwindow PowerOffDisabledWhileLoggedIn -bool true
com.apple.loginwindowPowerOffDisabledWhileLoggedIn

Reopen Windows at Login

bool

Restore windows and apps from your last session when logging in.

readdefaults read com.apple.loginwindow TALLogoutSavesState
writedefaults write com.apple.loginwindow TALLogoutSavesState -bool true
com.apple.loginwindowTALLogoutSavesState

Auto-Launch Apps

bool

Launch login items and restore apps at login.

readdefaults read com.apple.loginwindow LoginwindowLaunchesRelaunchApps
writedefaults write com.apple.loginwindow LoginwindowLaunchesRelaunchApps -bool true
com.apple.loginwindowLoginwindowLaunchesRelaunchApps

Trackpad (Multi-Touch)

com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad
26 settings

Tap to Click

bool

Tap the trackpad surface to click instead of pressing down.

Off by default because early trackpads had terrible palm rejection — resting your hand on the pad would fire clicks constantly. Modern Force Touch trackpads solved this, but Apple kept the safe default for the millions of Mac users who never touch System Preferences.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad Clicking
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad Clicking -bool true
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadClicking

Two-Finger Right-Click

bool

Two-finger click or tap for right-click context menus.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadRightClick
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadRightClick -bool true
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadTrackpadRightClick

Corner Right-Click

int

Right-click by clicking a trackpad corner. 0=off, 1=bottom-left, 2=bottom-right.

A holdover from the one-button era. Before two-finger clicking existed, corners were the only way to right-click on a trackpad without an external mouse. Apple kept the option for users who built the muscle memory.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadCornerSecondaryClick
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadCornerSecondaryClick -int <value>
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadTrackpadCornerSecondaryClick

Three-Finger Drag

bool

Move windows and select text by dragging with three fingers. Hidden in Accessibility settings.

Was a standard trackpad gesture until Apple buried it in Accessibility preferences in El Capitan (2015) to make room for the new Force Touch "force click to drag" model. Power users revolted — three-finger drag is faster and more reliable, so Apple kept it alive in the accessibility ghetto.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadThreeFingerDrag
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadThreeFingerDrag -bool true
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadTrackpadThreeFingerDrag

Tap-to-Drag

bool

Double-tap and hold to start dragging. Lift finger to drop.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad Dragging
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad Dragging -bool true
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadDragging

Drag Lock

bool

Keep dragging after lifting your finger. Tap again to release. Useful for long drags across the screen.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad DragLock
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad DragLock -bool true
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadDragLock

Two-Finger Scroll

bool

Scroll content by sliding two fingers on the trackpad.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadScroll
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadScroll -bool true
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadTrackpadScroll

Horizontal Scroll

bool

Allow horizontal scrolling with two fingers.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadHorizScroll
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadHorizScroll -bool true
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadTrackpadHorizScroll

Momentum Scrolling

bool

Content keeps scrolling after you lift your fingers, like a spinning wheel slowing down.

Ported from the iPhone, where momentum scrolling was a core part of the original 2007 "inertial scroll" patent. On Mac, it makes two-finger scrolling feel physical rather than mechanical.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadMomentumScroll
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadMomentumScroll -bool true
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadTrackpadMomentumScroll

Pinch to Zoom

bool

Pinch two fingers to zoom in and out in supported apps.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadPinch
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadPinch -bool true
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadTrackpadPinch

Two-Finger Rotate

bool

Rotate content by twisting two fingers. Works in Preview, Photos, and Maps.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadRotate
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadRotate -bool true
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadTrackpadRotate

Smart Zoom

int

Double-tap with two fingers to zoom in on content. 0=off, 1=on.

Another iPhone transplant — double-tap to zoom was the defining gesture of the original iPhone demo in 2007. On Mac it fills the same role: quickly zoom in on a section of a webpage or PDF without fiddling with pinch gestures.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadTwoFingerDoubleTapGesture
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadTwoFingerDoubleTapGesture -int <value>
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadTrackpadTwoFingerDoubleTapGesture

Three-Finger Tap

int

Tap with three fingers for Look Up and data detectors. 0=off, 2=on.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadThreeFingerTapGesture
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadThreeFingerTapGesture -int <value>
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadTrackpadThreeFingerTapGesture

Three-Finger Horizontal Swipe

int

Swipe left/right with three fingers. 0=off, 1=navigate pages, 2=switch Spaces.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadThreeFingerHorizSwipeGesture
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadThreeFingerHorizSwipeGesture -int <value>
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadTrackpadThreeFingerHorizSwipeGesture

Three-Finger Vertical Swipe

int

Swipe up/down with three fingers. 0=off, 2=Mission Control and App Expose.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadThreeFingerVertSwipeGesture
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadThreeFingerVertSwipeGesture -int <value>
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadTrackpadThreeFingerVertSwipeGesture

Four-Finger Horizontal Swipe

int

Swipe left/right with four fingers. 0=off, 2=switch Spaces.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadFourFingerHorizSwipeGesture
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadFourFingerHorizSwipeGesture -int <value>
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadTrackpadFourFingerHorizSwipeGesture

Four-Finger Vertical Swipe

int

Swipe up/down with four fingers. 0=off, 2=Mission Control and App Expose.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadFourFingerVertSwipeGesture
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadFourFingerVertSwipeGesture -int <value>
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadTrackpadFourFingerVertSwipeGesture

Four-Finger Pinch

int

Pinch with four fingers for Launchpad, spread for Desktop. 0=off, 2=on.

Designed as the macOS equivalent of pressing the iPhone home button — a physical gesture that takes you "home" to Launchpad. Most people discover it by accident and either love it or immediately want to know how to turn it off.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadFourFingerPinchGesture
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadFourFingerPinchGesture -int <value>
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadTrackpadFourFingerPinchGesture

Five-Finger Pinch

int

Pinch with five fingers for Launchpad. 0=off, 2=on.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadFiveFingerPinchGesture
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadFiveFingerPinchGesture -int <value>
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadTrackpadFiveFingerPinchGesture

Disable Force Click

bool

Turn off Force Click and haptic feedback entirely on Force Touch trackpads.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad ForceSuppressed
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad ForceSuppressed -bool true
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadForceSuppressed

Click Pressure

int

How hard you press for a click. 0=light, 1=medium (default), 2=firm.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad FirstClickThreshold
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad FirstClickThreshold -int <value>
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadFirstClickThreshold

Force Click Pressure

int

How hard you press for Force Click. 0=light, 1=medium (default), 2=firm.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad SecondClickThreshold
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad SecondClickThreshold -int <value>
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadSecondClickThreshold

Haptic Feedback

bool

Feel a click when pressing the Force Touch trackpad. The trackpad doesn't physically move — it's all haptic illusion.

The Force Touch trackpad (2015) replaced the mechanical hinge with a solid glass surface and a Taptic Engine. Apple bet that a simulated click would feel real enough — and they were right. Most people never realize their trackpad doesn't actually click.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad ActuateDetents
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad ActuateDetents -bool true
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadActuateDetents

Swipe from Right Edge

int

Two-finger swipe from the right edge for Notification Center. 0=off, 3=on.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadTwoFingerFromRightEdgeSwipeGesture
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad TrackpadTwoFingerFromRightEdgeSwipeGesture -int <value>
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadTrackpadTwoFingerFromRightEdgeSwipeGesture

Disable Trackpad with Mouse

bool

Automatically disable the trackpad when a USB mouse is connected.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad USBMouseStopsTrackpad
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad USBMouseStopsTrackpad -bool true
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadUSBMouseStopsTrackpad

Scroll Zoom Modifier

int

Modifier key for scroll-to-zoom. 262144=Control, 524288=Option, 1048576=Command.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad HIDScrollZoomModifierMask
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpad HIDScrollZoomModifierMask -int <value>
com.apple.AppleMultitouchTrackpadHIDScrollZoomModifierMask

Control Center

com.apple.controlcenter
8 settings

Show Wi-Fi in Menu Bar

bool

Display the Wi-Fi icon in the menu bar.

readdefaults read com.apple.controlcenter NSStatusItem Visible WiFi
writedefaults write com.apple.controlcenter NSStatusItem Visible WiFi -bool true
com.apple.controlcenterNSStatusItem Visible WiFi

Show Sound in Menu Bar

bool

Display the volume/sound icon in the menu bar.

readdefaults read com.apple.controlcenter NSStatusItem Visible Sound
writedefaults write com.apple.controlcenter NSStatusItem Visible Sound -bool true
com.apple.controlcenterNSStatusItem Visible Sound

Show Display in Menu Bar

bool

Display the brightness control icon in the menu bar.

readdefaults read com.apple.controlcenter NSStatusItem Visible Display
writedefaults write com.apple.controlcenter NSStatusItem Visible Display -bool true
com.apple.controlcenterNSStatusItem Visible Display

Show Control Center Icon

bool

Display the main Control Center icon (toggle switches) in the menu bar.

Internally called "BentoBox" because the grid of toggles looks like a Japanese bento box with compartments. Shipped in macOS Big Sur (2020) as a direct lift from iOS Control Center — Apple's bet that iPhone muscle memory would transfer to the Mac.

readdefaults read com.apple.controlcenter NSStatusItem Visible BentoBox
writedefaults write com.apple.controlcenter NSStatusItem Visible BentoBox -bool true
com.apple.controlcenterNSStatusItem Visible BentoBox

Show Focus in Menu Bar

bool

Display the Focus/Do Not Disturb icon in the menu bar.

readdefaults read com.apple.controlcenter NSStatusItem Visible FocusModes
writedefaults write com.apple.controlcenter NSStatusItem Visible FocusModes -bool true
com.apple.controlcenterNSStatusItem Visible FocusModes

Show Now Playing in Menu Bar

bool

Display the currently playing media icon in the menu bar.

readdefaults read com.apple.controlcenter NSStatusItem Visible NowPlaying
writedefaults write com.apple.controlcenter NSStatusItem Visible NowPlaying -bool true
com.apple.controlcenterNSStatusItem Visible NowPlaying

Show FaceTime in Menu Bar

bool

Display the FaceTime icon in the menu bar during calls.

readdefaults read com.apple.controlcenter NSStatusItem Visible FaceTime
writedefaults write com.apple.controlcenter NSStatusItem Visible FaceTime -bool true
com.apple.controlcenterNSStatusItem Visible FaceTime

Show Clock in Menu Bar

bool

Display the clock in the menu bar.

readdefaults read com.apple.controlcenter NSStatusItem Visible Clock
writedefaults write com.apple.controlcenter NSStatusItem Visible Clock -bool true
com.apple.controlcenterNSStatusItem Visible Clock

Magic Mouse

com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouse
8 settings

Button Mode

string

"OneButton" for single-click everywhere, "TwoButton" for right-click on the right side.

The Magic Mouse has no visible buttons — it's a single sheet of glass. Apple defaults to one-button mode to preserve the iconic simplicity, but under the hood the surface is divided left/right for two-button mode.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouse MouseButtonMode
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouse MouseButtonMode -string <value>
com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouseMouseButtonMode

Button Division Point

int

Where the left/right click boundary falls on the mouse surface (0-100). Default: 55.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouse MouseButtonDivision
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouse MouseButtonDivision -int <value>
com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouseMouseButtonDivision

Vertical Scroll

bool

Swipe up/down on the mouse surface to scroll.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouse MouseVerticalScroll
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouse MouseVerticalScroll -bool true
com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouseMouseVerticalScroll

Horizontal Scroll

bool

Swipe left/right on the mouse surface to scroll horizontally.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouse MouseHorizontalScroll
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouse MouseHorizontalScroll -bool true
com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouseMouseHorizontalScroll

Momentum Scrolling

bool

Content keeps scrolling after you lift your finger, like a spinning wheel.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouse MouseMomentumScroll
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouse MouseMomentumScroll -bool true
com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouseMouseMomentumScroll

One-Finger Double-Tap

int

Double-tap with one finger for Smart Zoom. 0=off, 1=on.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouse MouseOneFingerDoubleTapGesture
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouse MouseOneFingerDoubleTapGesture -int <value>
com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouseMouseOneFingerDoubleTapGesture

Two-Finger Double-Tap

int

Double-tap with two fingers. 0=off, 3=Mission Control.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouse MouseTwoFingerDoubleTapGesture
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouse MouseTwoFingerDoubleTapGesture -int <value>
com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouseMouseTwoFingerDoubleTapGesture

Two-Finger Horizontal Swipe

int

Swipe left/right with two fingers. 0=off, 2=switch Spaces.

readdefaults read com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouse MouseTwoFingerHorizSwipeGesture
writedefaults write com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouse MouseTwoFingerHorizSwipeGesture -int <value>
com.apple.AppleMultitouchMouseMouseTwoFingerHorizSwipeGesture

Siri & Dictation

com.apple.assistant.support
2 settings

Dictation

bool

Enable voice dictation. Press the microphone key or Fn twice to start dictating.

Dictation arrived on Mac in OS X Mountain Lion (2012), a year after Siri debuted on iPhone. Early versions sent audio to Apple servers; on-device dictation didn't arrive until macOS Ventura (2022), finally making it fast enough for real use.

readdefaults read com.apple.assistant.support Dictation Enabled
writedefaults write com.apple.assistant.support Dictation Enabled -bool true
com.apple.assistant.supportDictation Enabled

Allow Explicit Content

bool

Let Siri and Dictation process explicit language without filtering.

readdefaults read com.apple.assistant.support Allow Explicit Content
writedefaults write com.apple.assistant.support Allow Explicit Content -bool true
com.apple.assistant.supportAllow Explicit Content

Get ToggleBoard for Mac

The catalog is the map. The app is the steering wheel — it reads your current values, lets you flip any of them, and keeps an undoable history of every change.

Download for macOS (Apple Silicon) (v1.1.1)

Unsigned beta. We did not pay Apple $99 to ask permission. After downloading, right-click the .dmg, then Open, then confirm.